As the days shorten and temperatures drop in September, birds will either begin stocking up for the colder months or preparing for long migrations. Richard Green, a bird feeding specialist from bird food supplier Kennedy Wild Bird Food & Pet Supplies shares the 4 key changes all homeowners should make to their gardens and feeding routines to support visiting birds.

Why is autumn an important time for birds?

"Autumn is an important time for feeding wild birds, as some species will prepare for long migrations and need extra calories to fuel their journey, while others stay behind and depend on reliable food sources as natural supplies start to run low.

“Feeding birds with high-energy foods now gives all birds the best chance of staying healthy through the colder months."

Best foods for the season

"High-energy choices such as peanuts, suet, and sunflower hearts are ideal in autumn. In September, peanuts are particularly valuable for garden favourites like tits, finches, and starlings, giving them the nutrition they need before winter fully arrives."

Keeping feeding safe and effective

"Before autumn feeding begins, it’s worth giving feeders a thorough clean to prevent pests and protect bird health. Using hot, soapy water or a wildlife-safe disinfectant helps remove mould or spoiled food left over from summer.

“Position feeders in sheltered spots to protect against wet and windy weather, and consider adding extra feeders to spread out visiting birds and reduce crowding."

Clean and prepare your nest boxes

"With the nesting season over, autumn is the ideal time to clean out nest boxes and prepare them for the year ahead. Even if a box wasn’t used, it’s important to check for damage, clear out debris, and use a wildlife-safe disinfectant to clean into the cracks and crevices.

"Getting boxes ready now gives birds time to inspect them and even use them for roosting in the colder months. Repairs, sealing cracks, oiling hinges, and adding fresh, dry moss or leaves all help create a welcoming space.

“Position the entrance away from the prevailing wind, fit a metal guard to protect against predators, and angle the box so rainwater runs away from the entrance."

Providing water year-round

"Birds need access to fresh, clean water for drinking and bathing all year round, even as the weather cools. A purpose-made birdbath or hanging drinker works well, but water should be replaced daily and kept clean with a wildlife-safe disinfectant. Position water sources in a safe, open area so predators can’t take advantage while the birds are distracted."

"Offering water at different levels helps cater for a wider variety of species. In freezing conditions, daily replenishment is especially important to prevent ice from cutting off their supply."